La estructura de la voz activa (active voice) en inglés en tiempo present perfect (present perfect tense) es la siguiente:
Subject + has/have + past participle form of the verb + object
La estructura de la voz pasiva (passive voice) en present perfect es la siguiente:
Object of the active sentence + has/have + been + past participle form of the verb + by + subject of the active sentence
Transformación de una oración declarativa en tiempo present perfect de voz activa a voz pasiva (passive voice):
- Active: I have written a story.
- Passive: A story has been written by me.
- Active: They have built a house.
- Passive: A house has been built by them.
- Active: He has broken my window.
- Passive: My window has been broken by him.
- Active: I have placed an order for a digital camera.
- Passive: An order for a digital camera has been placed by me.
- Active: She has done her work.
- Passive: Her work has been done by her.
Transformación de una oración negativa:
- Active: I have not received a telegram.
- Passive: A telegram has not been received by me.
Active: She has not written a story.- Passive: A story has not been written by her.
- Active: She has not cheated anybody.
- Passive: Nobody has been cheated by her.
Transformación de una oración interrogativa:
La forma pasiva de este tipo de oraciones comienza con has o have.
Cuando la oración en voz activa comienza con una palabra interrogativa (por ejemplo, when, where, which, why, etc.), la oración en voz pasiva también comienza con una palabra interrogativa.
Cuando la oración en voz activa comienza con who o whose, la oración en voz pasiva comienza con by whom o by whose.
Cuando la oración en voz activa comienza con whom, la oración en voz pasiva comienza con who.
- Active: Have you kept the secret?
- Passive: Has the secret been kept by you?
- Active: Who has done this?
- Passive: By whom has this been done?
- Active: Why have you told a lie?
- Passive: Why has a lie been told by you?
- Active: Who has torn my book?
- Passive: By whom has my book been torn?
- Active: Have you written the letter?
- Passive: Has the letter been written by you?
- Active: Has the policeman caught the thief?
- Passive: Has the thief been caught by the policeman?
- Active: Has the postal department released a new stamp?
- Passive: Has a new stamp been released by the postal department?
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