In both English and German, language proficiency levels according to the European language framework are:
Elementary language use: A1 and A2
Independent language use: B1 and B2
Competent language use: C1 and C2
At Level A1 you must understand and use common expressions and simple sentences aimed at meeting concrete needs. You should be able to introduce yourself and others, and ask your conversation partner questions about themselves – for example: where they live, who they know, what they own – and also answer similar questions. You should be able to conduct a simple conversation if your partners speak slowly and clearly and show willingness to help when difficulties arise.
At Level A2 you must be able to understand sentences and frequently used expressions connected with everyday life (for example, information about yourself and your family, shopping, work, place of residence). You should be able to navigate ordinary, routine situations and exchange information about familiar and customary things. You should be able to describe with simple linguistic means your own background and education, place of residence, and things related to immediate needs.
At Level B1 you must be able to understand the main idea when spoken language is used and the content is familiar (for example, work, school, leisure time, etc.). You should be able to manage situations while travelling in German-speaking countries. You should be able to express yourself meaningfully about familiar topics and personal interests, talk about gathered experience and events, express opinions, describe expectations and goals, and argue briefly and explain.
At Level B2 you must be able to understand the main content of complex texts on concrete and abstract topics, as well as specialized texts from your field. You should be able to converse spontaneously and smoothly with German speakers, and express yourself clearly and in detail on a wide range of topics. You should be able to explain your position on a current issue and present the advantages and disadvantages of different options.
At Level C1 you must be able to understand complex, longer texts and grasp implicit meaning. You should be able to express yourself spontaneously and smoothly without giving the impression of searching for words. You can successfully and flexibly use the language in social and professional life, as well as use the language effectively and flexibly during studies and further education. You should be able to express yourself clearly, in a structured and comprehensive manner on complex topics and issues, and use appropriate means for constructing your own text.
At Level C2 you must be able to effortlessly understand written and spoken texts. You should be able to summarize information from various written and oral sources and provide justifications and explanations in connected text. You should be able to express yourself spontaneously and very smoothly and accurately also in complex situations. You should be able to differentiate meanings and express even the finest nuances.