Бъдеще перфектно продължително време (Future Perfect Continuous) в английския език има две различни форми: will have been doing и be going to have been doing.
За разлика от формите на бъдеще просто време (Simple Future), тези на Future Perfect Continuous обикновено са взаимозаменяеми.
Бъдеще перфектно продължително време с Will
Will have been + present participle
Примери:
- You will have been waiting for more than two hours when her plane finally arrives.
- Will you have been waiting for more than two hours when her plane finally arrives?
- You will not have been waiting for more than two hours when her plane finally arrives.
Бъдеще перфектно продължително време с Be Going To
Am / is / are + going to have been + present participle
Примери:
You are going to have been waiting for more than two hours when her plane finally arrives.- Are you going to have been waiting for more than two hours when her plane finally arrives?
- You are not going to have been waiting for more than two hours when her plane finally arrives.
Употреба
Продължително действие в бъдещето, извършващо се преди друго
Бъдеще перфектно продължително време в английския език се използва за изразяване на действие, което ще продължи до точно определен момент в бъдещето. For five minutes, for two weeks и since Friday са продължителни действия в бъдещето, които може да бъдат използвани във Future Perfect Continuous. Разликата на бъдеще перфектно продължително време от сегашно и минало е даденото действие приключва преди или в определения бъдещ момент.
Напр.:
- They will have been talking for over an hour by the time Thomas arrives.
- She is going to have been working at that company for three years when it finally closes.
- James will have been teaching at the university for more than a year by the time he leaves for Asia.
- How long will you have been studying when you graduate?
- We are going to have been driving for over three days straight when we get to Anchorage.
- A: When you finish your English course, will you have been living in New Zealand for over a year?
B: No, I will not have been living here that long.
Важно е да бъде обърнато внимание, че бъдещият момент, до който се извършва действието (отбелязан с italic в горните примери) е в Simple Present, а не в Simple Future.
Причина за нещо в бъдещето
Използването на Future Perfect Continuous преди друго действие в бъдещето е добър начин за изразяване в английския език на причина и резултат.
Напр.:
- Jason will be tired when he gets home because he will have been jogging for over an hour.
- Claudia’s English will be perfect when she returns to Germany because she is going to have been studying English in the United States for over two years.
Future Continuous или Future Perfect Continuous
Future Continuous акцентира върху прекъснати действия, а Future Perfect Continuous върху времетраенето на бъдеще действие, извършвано преди друго.
Напр.:
- He will be tired because he will be exercising so hard.
Това изречение акцентира върху това, че той ще бъде уморен, защото ще се упражнява в определен бъдещ момент
- He will be tired because he will have been exercising so hard.
Изречението акцентира върху това, че той ще бъде уморен, защото ще тренира в продължение на определен период от време
Future Perfect Continuous не може да бъде използвано с изречения, започващи с изрази за време, като напр.: when, while, before, after, by the time, as soon as, if, unless и т.н. Вместо него се използва Present Perfect Continuous.
Напр.:
- You won’t get a promotion until you will have been working here as long as Tim. Not Correct
- You won’t get a promotion until you have been working here as long as Tim. Correct
Наречия
- You will only have been waiting for a few minutes when her plane arrives.
- Will you only have been waiting for a few minutes when her plane arrives?
- You are only going to have been waiting for a few minutes when her plane arrives.
- Are you only going to have been waiting for a few minutes when her plane arrives?
Деятелен и страдателен залог
- The famous artist will have been painting the mural for over six months by the time it is finished.
- The mural will have been being painted by the famous artist for over six months by the time it is finished.
- The famous artist is going to have been painting the mural for over six months by the time it is finished.
- The mural is going to have been being painted by the famous artist for over six months by the time it is finished.
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